Java Modifiers

 Java Modifiers

Like other languages, it is possible to modify classes, methods, etc., by using modifiers. There are two categories of modifiers −

• Access Modifiers – public, private, protected and default

• Non-Access Modifiers –static, final, abstract, volatile and synchronized

Access Modifiers:

Java provides a number of access modifiers to set access levels for classes, variables, methods and constructors.

The four access levels are:-

default: visible to package, no modifiers are needed.

public: The access level is every where…

• Inside a class
• Outside a class
• Inside a package
• Outside a package

private: The access level is only inside the class.

• Everything that is private can not be access from outside the class.

protected: Visible to the package and all subclasses.

Non–Access Modifiers

Java provides a number of non–access modifiers to achieve many other functionality

static: For creating class methods and variables.

final: For finalizing the implementations of classes, methods and variables.

abstract: For creating abstract classes and methods.

synchronized and volatile: which are used for threads.